Кафедра економіки

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Перегляд Кафедра економіки по Автор "Burliai, Alina"
  • Матеріал
    Ecological Consequences of the Digitization of Agriculture
    (International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology, 2020) Burliai, Alina ; Nesterchuk, Yuliіa ; Nepochatenko, Olena ; Naherniuk, Diana
    The article deals with theoretical and practical aspects of agricultural digitization in the context of sustainable development of society. The levels of digitization of agricultural production have been determined. The basic digital technologies used in agriculture in the context of separate production processes are considered. It is established that the digitization of the agricultural sector of the economy contributes not only to improving the economic efficiency of functioning and competitiveness of the industry, but also allows reducing the burden on natural resources and the environment as a whole.
  • Матеріал
    FEATURES OF ORGANIC AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS FUNCTIONING IN EU AND UKRAINE
    (Visegrad Journal on Bioeconomy and Sustainable Development, 2019) Burliai, Alina ; Burliai, Oleksandr ; Nesterchuk, Yulia ; Revutska, Alla
    Organic agriculture ensures a balanced state of the ecosystem, which is the key to sustainable development of the economic and social spheres of society. European countries are in the process of historical development reached an understanding on the need for its further ecological progress. That is why the world market for organic products has formed. Studies show that the development of organic production began in the 20‘s of the twentieth century. Since then, markets for organic products began to grow rapidly in many countries. Among the world‘s regions, the largest areas of organic land are located in Oceania and Europe. The article is devoted to the study of foreign experience in the development of ecological agriculture. The variety of names of ecological systems of management in the countries of the world and the principles which are included in the concept “ecological agriculture“ are studied. The history of the emergence of organic agriculture has been explored. The analysis of the development of organic agricultural production at the world level, the countries of Europe and the European Union (EU) and individual countries has been analyzed. A grouping of organic farms in Europe has been organized in terms of size. Ukraine, with its signifi cant natural and economic potential in the future may also be one of the important subjects that will form a proposal in this market. The environmental policy of the country has an important infl uence on the effi ciency of organic farms
  • Матеріал
    Minimization of environmental risks in crops cultivation
    (Ukrainian Journal of Ecology, 2021) Burliai, Alina ; Burliai, Oleksandr ; Nesterchuk, Yulia ; Cherneha, Inna ; Sokoliuk, Sergiy ; Osipova, Alla
    Environmental risks are urgent problems of today that require an immediate search for ways to minimize them. The leading cause of environmental risks is the anthropogenic factor associated with the economic development of society. Critical is the study of risks in agricultural production, on the development of which depends on the country's food security. This is because agricultural activities are closely intertwined with natural and climatic conditions. At the same time, agricultural enterprises also harm the environment, resulting in catastrophic climate change. The main environmental risks of agricultural production are identified: non-compliance with environmental standards; the emergence of epidemiological threats; risks of unfavorable natural and climatic conditions in the form of floods, fires, snow elements, and avalanches, icing, and risks of soil erosion (landslides); use of plant protection products; use of GMOs, reduction of production productivity through the introduction of environmental processes. One way to minimize environmental risks in agriculture is to optimize the structure of sown areas of crops. A model for optimizing an economic problem with two linear objective functions and a linear system of constraints is developed. The model contains a compromise solution on two indicators (gross output at comparable prices in 2016 (in order to reduce inflation) and the accumulation of carbon dioxide by cereals in terms of humidification subzones of the Forest-Steppe. Implementation of the optimization problem results will allow increasing the economic and environmental effects of grain production without unnecessary investments. Thus, the increase in the value of gross output in the region with specialization of grain production is 869,030 thousand UAH, and at the same time, the growth of CO2 accumulation in the amount of 3,714,918 tons, and taking into account the livestock industry to optimize the structure of grain crops can get an additional 477,297 thousand UAH VP and 1989363 tons of CO2.
  • Матеріал
    Trends of Innovative Development of Agricultural Business in the Context of Climate Changes
    (Oblik i fìnansi, 2021) Burliai, Alina ; MUDRAK, Ruslan ; SKUDLARSKI, Jacek ; SMERTENIUK, Іhor
    Current state of the development of agricultural business is characterized by negative trends caused by the prevalence of extensive production systems and the reduction of investments into agricultural research, while the influence on the environment and natural resources is constantly increasing. Besides, climate change is one of the greatest challenges of the XXI century, which exerts a negative influence on social-economic and natural systems and requires the development of the ways for the industry to adapt to climate changes. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the main areas of innovative development of agricultural business in the context of climate change. System approach as well as the application of a wide range of general scientific and special methods make up the framework of the research. It has been established that climate changes directly affect the agriculture of the country that greatly depends on climate and weather conditions. The main tool to adapt agriculture to climatic changes should be the introduction of innovations resulting in its innovative development. The article also presents the systematization of the main directions of innovative development of agricultural business in the context of climatic changes: biological (new cultivars, hybrids of agricultural crops, new types and breeds of agricultural animals), technical and technological (advanced technologies in plant and animal production), chemical (fertilizers, plant protection agents, plant growth regulators), organizational and economic (business organization, management, and marketing), social (social development of a person), development directions of alternative energy (energy production from renewable sources), and digitalization (digit transformation of production processes).