СМИСЛОВИЙ РОЗВИТОК АД’ЄКТИВА ТЕРМІЧНОЇ СЕМАНТИКИ НІМ. HEIß У КОНТЕКСТІ ВНУТРІШНЬОЇ ФОРМИ ФРАЗЕМ

Abstract

The article is devoted to the analysis of semantic development of the adjective Germ. heiß in the context of the inner form of idioms which include a common key lexical component. The purpose of the article is to find out how the inner form of these phraseological units correlates with phraseological meanings of the key lexical component. For our research we used as the main, descriptive and comparative methods which were implemented in specific research methods and procedures, such as structural and semantic analysis of the inner form of idioms, method of dictionary definitions, method of internal and external translation and the method of phraseological application to establish phraseological derivative meanings as well as the method of establishing the content of language stereotypes (according to E.Bartminskyi). Occasionally, the historical and etymological methods were used, as well as methods of frame modeling and quantitative estimation. As a result of the study of idioms which include a common key lexical component Germ. heiß, we can admit that the studied adjective has a model of sense development, according to which the temperature characteristic is the onomasiological basis for expressing characteristics related to the emotional-affective sphere, they may be directly related to the properties and states of the human psyche, or their manifestation in the relevant features of certain types of human activity. In each case, however, these are features that are characterized by a high degree of intensity of their implementation. It should be noted that in this emotional-affective sphere, the delineation of something as «hot» can have both positive and negative evaluative connotations. It is interesting to mention that this axiological ambivalence finds a fairly clear parallel in the secondary development of the adjective Germ. heiß in other sense areas, where thermal semantics, on the one hand, motivates the expression of various unconditionally positive qualities and generally very positive evaluative meaning, and on the other hand, it acts as an internal form for expressing negative traits in one way or another, in particular associated with negative influence on humans. Taking into account the semantic development of the adjective Germ. heiß in the context of the inner form of the studied idioms, as well as considering such aspects of the inner form as transparency, universality, metaphoric/metonymic nature, it should be noted that the inner form of idioms of nominative-terminological nature tends to metonymy. Predicative-figurative phraseological units mainly have the character of a generalized metaphor. Among them there are also many cases with obscured motivation, which requires the use of historical extralinguistic information.