Substatiating the Ecological Ways of Potassium Balance Regulating in Soil

Abstract

The purpose of the researches was to determine how the potassium balance depended on fertilizing system and how it influenced crop productivity. The experimental part of the work was carried out under the conditions of continuous (since 1964) stationary experiment of the Chair of Agrochemistry and Soil Science the basis of which is a 10-field crop rotation deployed in time and space. The soil of the experimental plots is ashed heavy loamy black soil on loess. For simplifying balance calculations, the number of comparable and equal articles in the coming part and in the extracted one was reduced. It was considered that the total potassium amount which came from the atmosphere and with seeds was responsible for erosion losses and those from washing off. The results obtained show that potassium balance and its intensity in every rotation was formed unevenly and depended considerably on the level of its coming together with fertilizers and removing when harvesting. It has been proved that when increasing the used fertilizer dose, the balance volume rises which characterizes potassium circulation size in agrocenosis. The potassium balance data analysis when leaving unmarketable part in the field has displayed that its intensity increases significantly. Leaving the unmarketable part of the harvest in the field balances potassium in the soil significantly without using high mineral fertilizer doses which entails a number of ecological problems. It has been defined that the majority of crop productivity can be observed at a potassium balance of -30 kg (kg per year). Only clover productivity at a more negative potassium balance has decreased which testifies to its wider tolerance zone as to the given nutrient content in the soil compared to other crop rotations.