Development of agricultural research institutions in cherkasy region at the beginning of the xx century. (to the 70th anniversary of the Сherkasy region formation). Часопис української історії. К., 2024. Вип. 49. С. 98 - 108.

Abstract

Key words: agricultural science, agricultural research, research institutions, Uman-Lypovets Agricultural Society, Cherkasy region.

Based on sources and publications, the article examines the activities of agricultural research institutions in Cherkasy region at the beginning of the 20th century. In the process of the research, a significant number of little-known references containing separate information on the topic of the research were used and analyzed. It was found that several types of agricultural research organizations were created in Cherkasy region: research fields in the privately owned estates of K. A. Balashova, counts Bobrynskyi, count P. P. Shuvalov, descendants of M. A. Tereshchenko. These are, in particular: Moshnohorodyshchenske, Smilianske, Talnivske, Ladyzhynske experimental fields, which were part of the network of experimental fields of the All-Russian Society of Sugar Growers and experimental fields that were created at agricultural educational institutions; demonstration fields with rental stations and demonstration test plots; collective experiments of Kyiv provincial zemstvo. In addition, there were private and state nurseries (Cherkasy, Zvenyhorodka, Uman, and Kaniv counties), educational (at Bobrytska school of horticulture) and demonstration apiaries (of Moshny and Medvyn beekeeping societies); weather stations; “model” farms were created, which were a model of rational management of a private economy. It was established that the work of Uman-Lypovets Agricultural Society, aimed at setting up research institutions and their successful activities, played an important role in improving agriculture. It was emphasized that the organization of demonstration plots and collective experiments were part of the program of research institutions. It has been proven that the activities of agricultural research institutions contributed to the development and improvement of all branches of agricultural production in Cherkasy region.