CONCEPT OF ENVIRONMENTALLY PROTECTIVE FARMING FOR THE FOREST-STEPPE ZONE*

Abstract

Taking into account that agriculture is the branch that is the closest to natural landscapes on the type of material-energy relations, the main task of agroecology is search of management forms (specialization) that would not exceed the natural capacity of a specific territory. The best management of the nature use on the agro-landscape level can be implemented only in case of complete certainty of the land property, as well as in the presence of small areas from farmers that would correspond to the grassroots levels of the landscape structure. It is under this condition that the farmer can be taken care of with the support of the natural fertility of the land. In addition, the determined ownership of land (and not lease) will force the peasant to form specialization in order to work as self-sustaining as possible. Under such conditions, the revival of domestic livestock, as a guarantee of the maintenance of natural fertility of soils - just a matter of time. The Author's Concept, which is adapted to the conditions of the UA forest-steppe area, consists of serial blocks of research: "Ecological monitoring of agro-landscape components "; "Ecological conversion of agro-landscapes"; "Landscape-ecological planning". The main goal of this Concept is not to focus on large agroholdings, but on farmer farmers. The experience of conducting an industrial typology of agriculture in the regions of the UA forest-steppe zone suggests that modern specialization is not only far from optimal, in terms of compliance with natural conditions, but also in many cases devastating to soils. Therefore, the assessment of the environmental impact of each type of agriculture, first in the forest-steppe, and, subsequently, throughout the territory of Ukraine, can be analogous to the modern "electronic declaration" and will help to develop a strategy for environmentally sound management of agriculture. The developed technological methods of ecological conversion (vermiculture, biodynamics, etc.) are adapted to the conditions of the forest-steppe of Ukraine, and will help owners of peasant and farm enterprises to implement this strategy in practice.