Сільськогосподарське районування Харківської області:географічна проблема – екологічні наслідки

Abstract

The industrial typology and agricultural zoning is one of the oldest and most urgent areas of geographic science, which tries to solve the problem of matching the existing specialization with the natural opportunities of the territory. Today, the specialization of the main massif of farms in the forest-steppe zone (more than 85% of the total) is near monocultural (production of grain and oilseeds). This was a consequence of the fact that the market economy objectively "wasted" in the last 20 years from the list of specialization branches of the livestock sector, which always (due to organic fertilizers) ensure ecological stability of agroecosystems. Modern studies on the energy of agroecosystems show the possibility of environmentalization of agricultural production by the diversification of its specialization. The objective conditions for such diversification are the nature itself, "lining" in each natural landscape the correspond-ing agro-climatic potential. The main task of the proposed article is the answer to the question - how much the real specialization of agricultural enterprises in Kharkiv region differs from the natural predetermined. It is noteworthy that such studies were carried out by the author on the territory of the region (in the course of writing a candidate's dissertation) 30 years ago. This made it possible to compare the state of agro-ecosystems of thirty years ago with their present state. The article is a continuation of the author's cycle of works devoted to the study of the influence of the industrial typology of agriculture on the ecological state of agroecosystems.