Кафедра соціально-гуманітарних і правових дисциплін
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МатеріалUkrainian National Identity in Donetsk Region: Problems and Development Trends from the End of the XIX – to the Beginning of the XXI Century(Culture and History, 2021)In the context of the modern military-political conflict in Donbass, the national identity of the Ukrainians of the Donetsk region attracts considerable attention. After all, it is thanks to the self-determination and self-identification of the individual that an adequate national and political identity is formed. But as a result of the post-totalitarian syndrome, Ukrainian society was unable to achieve this. The national identity of the Ukrainians of the Donetsk region during the period from the end of the 19th century to the beginning of the 21st century underwent a rather complex transformation (first of all, a significant Russification). As a result, there was a deformation of cultural and national identity and a leveling of consciousness. Subsequently, this led to a crisis in the socio-political position of the individual and the population of this region. During the existence of the totalitarian regime in the Ukrainian SSR, a process of total Russification was observed. At the same time, the main blow was directed at the national identity of the inhabitants of the industrial regions of Ukraine, in particular - Donbass. During the 1920s - 1930s, the Ukrainian nation in general and the Ukrainians of the Donetsk region in particular experienced the formation of a Bolshevik totalitarian regime. At the same time, the latter set himself the goal of destroying the national consciousness and identity of Ukrainians. During the 1940s - the first half of the 1980s, a process of total Russification was observed in the Ukrainian SSR. As a result, the national identity of the Ukrainians of the Donetsk region was significantly damaged. The period of the second half of the 1980s - early 1990s marked a gradual departure from the denationalized self-consciousness of the Ukrainians of the Donetsk region. However, it was not easy to get rid of the Soviet stereotypes imposed on citizens for decades. It was at this time that the process of national revival began in the Donetsk region. As a result of the formation of the Donetsk Regional Society of the Ukrainian Language named after Taras Shevchenko, a new perspective for the active development of the national identity of the Ukrainians of the Donetsk region appeared. The population of the region was able to make a choice in the direction of independent national and cultural development. However, at the beginning of the ХХІst century, the doctrine of the "Russian World" began to spread actively on the territory of the Donetsk region. This resulted in the Russian occupation and the emergence of the quasi-formation of the “DPR” in April 2014. Keywords: national identity, Donetsk region, national consciousness, "Russian World"
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МатеріалМовна політика як важливий аспект стратегії реінтеграції окупованої території Донбасу(ІППО НУ «Львівська політехніка». Львів: Л Прес, 2021)
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МатеріалBolshevism, from Class Ideology to Imperialist Ideology. The Ukrainian Case(Codrul Cosminului, 2023)The article deals with the transformation of Bolshevism from a class ideology into an imperialist ideology. At the same time, an attempt was made to consider this problem in the Ukrainian context. The authors analyzed the essence of the Russian autocratic state as a despotic empire. It has been established that a particular goal of Russian imperialism was to keep Ukraine under its rule. It is emphasized that the Bolshevik regime continued the policy of neo-imperial expansionism. Particular attention is paid to forming the Ukrainian national-political identity under the conditions of Russian (Soviet) imperialism. The Bolshevik regime, in its totalitarianism, surpassed the imperial autocratic regime. At the same time, the Bolsheviks also sought to destroy the national identity of Ukrainians as much as possible. Keywords: Bolshevism, class ideology, imperialist ideology, Ukraine, expansionism, Bolshevik regime, national identity, despotism, neo-imperialism.
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МатеріалThe Ecosystem Approach to Guaranteeing the Constitutional Human Right to a Safe Environment(Pakistan Society of Criminology, 2024-01-16)Abstract The article aims to analyse the ecosystem approach, which should ensure the constitutional human right to a safe environment. The research methodology was based on the use of econometric, comparison, and graphical methods. Analysing the legal instruments, the study identified ways of harmonising the ecosystem approach with the existing legal framework and policy to improve environmental protection. The need for joint efforts between the state, industry, and local communities to find common positions and the importance of strong institutional capacity, public administration, and law enforcement mechanisms was demonstrated based on data from 37 European countries and Ukraine. It is emphasised that it is possible to achieve a balanced prospect between economic development and environmental protection. The academic novelty of this research is an interdisciplinary approach, a new application of the ecosystem approach to human rights, a detailed analysis of challenges and solutions, and global and local prospects. Prospects for further research are the expansion of the analysis database to the level of world regions to obtain generalised results regarding the provision of the constitutional human right to a safe environment. Keywords: human rights, ecosystem approach, public administration, constitution, rule of law, safe environment
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МатеріалREVIVAL OF A LANGUAGE NATIONAL CONSCIOUSNESS OF THE UKRAINIANS OF DONETSK REGION UNDER CONDITIONS OF “PERESTROIKA” AND DURING THE FIRST YEARS OF INDEPENDENT UKRAINE(Skhidnoievropeiskyi Istorychnyi Visnyk [East European Historical Bulletin], 2020)The aim of the research consists in elucidating the nature and main aspects of the development of a language identity and national consciousness of the Ukrainians of Donetsk region during the period of “perestroika” and the first years of independence of Ukraine, in the context of modern ethno-national problems. The research methodology is based primarily on the principle of historicism, concretized by the approach to historical phenomena and processes from the standpoint of dynamics, the study of the relationships between them and their interdependence. The use of this principle allows us to study the dynamics of the historical process from the point of view of its past and development trends in the future. A number of general historical methods have been used, namely: comparative-historical, historical comparative studies, retrospective. The latter, in particular, provides for the reconstruction of certain phenomena in the process of the revival of a cultural and national identity Skhidnoievropeiskyi Istorychnyi Visnyk. Issue 15. 2020 196 Revival of language national consciousness of the Ukrainians of Donetsk region under conditions... of the Ukrainians of Donetsk region in the context of "perestroika" and the first years of independent Ukraine. This allows us to construct separate models for the development of a national consciousness in our time, using, at the same time, some historical patterns and traditions. The scientific novelty consists in analyzing the process of the revival of a language identity and national consciousness of the Ukrainians of Donetsk region in the context of “perestroika” and the first years of independent Ukraine. This allows us to design individual models for the development of a cultural and national identity under modern conditions. The Conclusions. The process of reviving the cultural and national identity of the Ukrainians of Donetsk region in the context of “perestroika” and the first years of independent Ukraine became an interdependent phenomenon with the emergence in Donetsk region of a number of cultural national and socio-political organizations, primarily, Donetsk regional organization of Taras Shevchenko the Ukrainian Language Society. Despite the active process of Russification and denationalization, which has been carried out since the 1930-ies, the Ukrainian identity in Donetsk region still prevailed for some time. However, a targeted Russification policy aimed at destroying the language identity and national consciousness of the Ukrainian, naturally led to the confusion of all the peoples of the Soviet Union on the principles of the so-called internationalism into one, artificially formed, “homo sovieticus”. Thanks to public organizations and cultural national societies in Donetsk region at the end of the 1980-ies – beginning of the 1990-ies, the process of Ukrainization of the identity of the region population began. However, a number of factors prevented this. In particular, the predominantly individualistic orientation of ethnic self-expression of the Ukrainians of Donetsk region prevented the widespread development of their language identification and national identity. Also, as a result of a massive Russification and planting of chauvinistic stereotypes, the Ukrainians were deliberately turned into a second-class ethnic mass, the outcasts. The leaders of such a policy were mainly the former party-Komsomol functionaries, who, thanks to connections with criminals and oligarchic circles, reached leading positions in almost all authority structures during the 1990-ies. And, naturally, it was they, who stood at the origins of separatism long before the spring of 2014. Key words: cultural national identity, revival, the Ukrainians, Donetsk region, independence.